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What is a ground source heat pump?
A ground source heat pump (GSHP) is a type of heat pump that extracts thermal energy from the ground which maintains a relatively constant temperature year-round to provide heating, cooling, and hot water for buildings. It is one of the most efficient building energy systems available, using the earth as both a heat source and a heat sink.
How a GSHP Works
- A ground loop (closed or open) is installed underground either horizontally in trenches or vertically in boreholes
- A water-antifreeze solution circulates through the loop, absorbing heat from the ground in winter
- The heat pump unit amplifies this heat for use in the building's space heating or hot water system
- In summer, the process reverses to provide cooling by rejecting heat into the cooler ground
GSHP vs. Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP)
GSHPs are significantly more efficient than ASHPs because ground temperatures are far more stable than air temperatures. An ASHP's efficiency drops in very cold weather, while a GSHP maintains consistent performance. However, GSHPs cost more to install due to the ground loop excavation or drilling.
Efficiency and Performance
A well-designed GSHP typically achieves a COP (Coefficient of Performance) of 3.5–5.0, meaning it delivers 3.5–5 units of heat for every unit of electricity consumed compared to 1 unit for a conventional electric heater.
The ground source heat pump combines renewable energy use with exceptional operating efficiency, making it a compelling long-term investment for energy-intensive buildings.
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What’s Driving Rental and Coliving Demand in India in 2025?
The size of rental market in India is estimated to be USD 13.9 Bn by 2025. Around 50% of this is attributed to the Gen-Z population, and 30% to the millennial population. Demographic profile of India’s work force, changing behaviour of gen-Z and millennials, rapid urbanisation, digital behaviour and capital allocators preference are the five key factors are driving this increased trend in rental real estate. Demographic profile of the work force Around 52% of the Indian population comprises of Gen-Z and Millennials. In 2023, millennials constituted 70% of the Indian work force have emerged as the backbone of many Indian companies. Indian technology sector workforce comprises of 86% to 90% of Gen-Z and Millennial work force. The innate behavioural traits, real estate requirement patterns, lifestyles and purchasing power are often intrinsic to their nature of real estate consumption patterns. Changing behaviour of gen-Z and millennials. Internet penetration has shaped the consumer across industries including real estate. 50% of Gen Zs and millennials say they live paycheck to paycheck with high cost of living is their top societal concern. Big life decisions like buying a house and starting a family are often postponed to later stage. Ability to maintain a positive work/life balance and not live their life on their own terms, and not necessarily to live up to societal expectations. This has shifted the consumption pattern of with increasing demand for rental real estate. The behavioural pattern of consumers of community and experiential living with a value that meets their pocket has given rise to the Co-Living segment. Rapid urbanisation Industrial growth, rise of services sector has shaped rapid urbanisation. In India, contribution component of urban growth is segmented into three categories according to a study by International Institute for Population Sciences. In India, it is estimated that more than 500 million individuals, i.e. approximately 35% of the population stays in urban areas. As the decade progresses, India will witness addition of 100 million urban dwellers, which will further rise to 60% by 2050. (Ref: Macrotrends, Urban Development Ministry, Govt. of India) It is estimated that 28% of the urban households stay in rental housing. This number shall be higher in mega cities. The demand for rental living, is 5.7 million units across top 30 cities (Tier I, II, II) in the country -comprising of working singles living on rent (migrants and domicile) and unmarried student population. This together adds up to 5.7 million across top 30 cities (Tier I, II and III) in the country. Digital behaviour of consumers: There is a remarkable increase in internet penetration, adoption and consumption across enterprises and consumers in India. 700 Mn internet users across the country, 470 Mn social media users and 350 Mn digital payment users. 80% of digital consumers in India prefer searching and discovering new products online before visiting physical stores or seeking offline. 69% of digital consumers prefer digital communications for customer support and interactions. Convenience, value and trust are key drivers across most internet platforms with Capital allocators preference for real estate supply The sector interest has increased after a funding winter for two straight years. Investments in the sector dropped from USD 148 million in 2021 to USD 21.7 million in 2022 and USD 6 million in 2023. With strong fundamental demand backed by urbanisation, consumer behaviour and digitisation, institutional investors and global funds favour co-living and data centres as an alternative asset class. The understanding of private equity funds is also well defined in international markets where co-living is a mature sector. Recently, Singapore’s CapitaLand Investment announced CLARA II: A $600 Million private equity fund for serviced apartments and co-living properties. Brookfield Asset Management, which has a real estate AUM of USD 690 billion globally is also looking to invest more in the coliving, rental housing and serviced apartment asset class.
PropTech Pulse Editorial
7th March 2024
Digital Transformation
A letter from Albert Einstein in 2024 to young Albert
Dear Young Albert, I hope this letter finds you well, filled with the same curiosity and wonder that has always driven you. As I reflect on the world today, I can't help but think about how much has changed since my time, especially in the realm of communal living which might seem quite intriguing to you. You see, much like the principles of relativity that I delved into in my time, co-living operates on the idea of interconnectedness. Just as I discovered that the laws of physics are the same for all observers, regardless of their relative motion, co-living emphasizes the equality and inclusivity of all residents. Regardless of background or circumstance, everyone contributes to and benefits from the community space. These co-living spaces foster a sense of belonging and support that is invaluable, especially in today's fast-paced world. Just as I contemplated the effects of gravity on the motion of celestial bodies, consider the "community gravity" within a co-living space — the connections and relationships that draw residents together, enriching their lives in ways they never thought possible. Moreover, in these co-living spaces, one finds a beautiful confluence of diversity. Each resident brings their own unique perspective, skills, and passions to the table. Just as I theorized that the curvature of spacetime depends on the distribution of mass and energy, the social "space" within a co-living community is shaped by the collective presence of its members. This diversity creates an environment ripe for collaboration, innovation, and personal growth. Young Albert, Technology has altered Co-living manifold enabling students and young professionals discover, access and live in shared spaces at a touch of their fingertips. We individuals, each with their unique stories, come together to create a community unlike any other. It's not just about sharing physical space; it's about sharing ideas, dreams, and aspirations. So, my dear young Albert, as I continue to explore the wonders of the universe co-living has given me an opportunity to connect with likeminded others, to learn from them, and to grow together. Remember that just as the universe is vast and ever-expanding, so too are the opportunities for meaningful connections and shared experiences in the world around you. With warm regards, Your Future Self
PropTech Pulse Editorial
15th March 2024
Rental Market
Home Renting for Rookies: A First-Time Renter’s Guide to Flat Hunting in India
If you’re about to dive into the world of working full-time in a new city, first off, congrats! Now, let’s talk about the not-so-glamorous part—finding a place to call home that isn’t a PG. If you’re ready to move beyond the shared bed and curfew life and want to take on the glorious chaos of living independently, buckle up because this post is your ultimate survival guide. Step 1: Define Your Budget The first step in finding your ideal flat is setting your rent limit. This is non-negotiable. Rule of Thumb: Your rent should not exceed 20% of your monthly income. Stretching the Budget: In rare cases (like finding your dream flat), you might stretch it to 30%, but be cautious. Example: If your monthly income is ₹50,000, aim for a flat with rent around ₹10,000 to ₹15,000. This ensures you have enough left over for food, utilities, and fun without living paycheck to paycheck. Step 2: Research Like a Pro Start your research at least a month before you move to the city. The internet is your best friend here. Best Websites for Listings: Nestaway, Housing, NoBroker, MagicBricks, and 99acres. Check Trends: Look for price ranges in different neighbourhoods. Note down patterns—this will help when it’s time to negotiate. Pro Tip: Create a shortlist of 5-6 properties that meet your criteria to save time during house visits. Step 3: Choose Your Flatmate Wisely Flatmates can be the deciding factor between a comfortable living situation and a nightmare. Why Flatmates Matter: They help share costs, including rent and utilities. Things to Look For: Similar schedules, compatible habits (cleanliness, noise levels), and shared interests. Red Flag: If they seem unreliable during initial interactions, trust your gut and look for someone else. Remember, a good flatmate can make even an average flat feel like home. Step 4: Location, Location, Location Finding the perfect location is like striking gold. Your flat’s location impacts your commute, lifestyle, and even your expenses. Proximity to the Office: Aim for a commute under 30 minutes if possible. Nearby Amenities: Grocery stores, gyms, public transport. Safety: Check the neighbourhood's safety rating or ask locals. Pro Tip: Visit the area during different times of the day to get a feel for noise, traffic, and overall vibe. Step 5: The Art of Negotiation Renting isn’t just about picking a flat; it’s also about getting the best deal. How to Negotiate: Use your research to highlight average rents in the area and point out any flaws in the property (if any). Be Ready to Walk Away: If the landlord isn’t willing to budge, don’t feel pressured to agree. Pro Tip: Landlords are often more flexible towards the end of the month when they’re eager to fill vacancies. Step 6: Broker or No Broker? You’ll likely come across brokers during your search. They can be helpful but also come with costs. When to Use Brokers: If you’re short on time or struggling to find options on your own. How to Choose the Right Broker: Focus on those with multiple listings that match your preferences. Pro Tip: Negotiate the broker’s fee upfront. The standard is one month’s rent, but you can often negotiate it down to half. Step 7: Visit Flats with a Checklist When visiting flats, don’t just rely on the first impression. Use this checklist to evaluate each property: Condition of the Flat: Look for leaks, mould, or damage. Connectivity: Check mobile and Wi-Fi signals inside the flat. Appliances and Furniture: Confirm what’s included in the rent. Neighbours: Friendly or noisy? Pro Tip: Take photos during visits to compare later, especially if you’re seeing multiple flats in a day. Step 8: Seal the Deal Once you’ve found the perfect flat, it’s time to finalise the agreement. Read the Lease Agreement Thoroughly: Ensure it includes details like rent, deposit, notice period, and maintenance charges. Get Everything in Writing: Avoid verbal agreements to prevent future disputes. Pro Tip: Check if the flat requires any immediate repairs and ask the landlord to address these before you move in. Bonus Tips for First-Time Renters Prepare Your Documents: Landlords often ask for ID proof, employment details, and a security deposit. Have these ready to speed up the process. Beware of Scams: Avoid paying deposits without visiting the property in person. Plan Your Move: Arrange for packers and movers in advance if needed. Conclusion: Finding Your Home Sweet Home House hunting for the first time can be overwhelming, but with the right strategy, it becomes manageable—and even enjoyable! Remember, the goal isn’t perfection; it’s finding a place that balances your needs and feels like home. Good luck on your flat hunt, and welcome to the adventure of independent living!
PropTech Pulse Editorial
23rd December 2024
Investment Opportunities
What’s Driving Rental and Coliving Demand in India in 2025?
The size of rental market in India is estimated to be USD 13.9 Bn by 2025. Around 50% of this is attributed to the Gen-Z population, and 30% to the millennial population. Demographic profile of India’s work force, changing behaviour of gen-Z and millennials, rapid urbanisation, digital behaviour and capital allocators preference are the five key factors are driving this increased trend in rental real estate. Demographic profile of the work force Around 52% of the Indian population comprises of Gen-Z and Millennials. In 2023, millennials constituted 70% of the Indian work force have emerged as the backbone of many Indian companies. Indian technology sector workforce comprises of 86% to 90% of Gen-Z and Millennial work force. The innate behavioural traits, real estate requirement patterns, lifestyles and purchasing power are often intrinsic to their nature of real estate consumption patterns. Changing behaviour of gen-Z and millennials. Internet penetration has shaped the consumer across industries including real estate. 50% of Gen Zs and millennials say they live paycheck to paycheck with high cost of living is their top societal concern. Big life decisions like buying a house and starting a family are often postponed to later stage. Ability to maintain a positive work/life balance and not live their life on their own terms, and not necessarily to live up to societal expectations. This has shifted the consumption pattern of with increasing demand for rental real estate. The behavioural pattern of consumers of community and experiential living with a value that meets their pocket has given rise to the Co-Living segment. Rapid urbanisation Industrial growth, rise of services sector has shaped rapid urbanisation. In India, contribution component of urban growth is segmented into three categories according to a study by International Institute for Population Sciences. In India, it is estimated that more than 500 million individuals, i.e. approximately 35% of the population stays in urban areas. As the decade progresses, India will witness addition of 100 million urban dwellers, which will further rise to 60% by 2050. (Ref: Macrotrends, Urban Development Ministry, Govt. of India) It is estimated that 28% of the urban households stay in rental housing. This number shall be higher in mega cities. The demand for rental living, is 5.7 million units across top 30 cities (Tier I, II, II) in the country -comprising of working singles living on rent (migrants and domicile) and unmarried student population. This together adds up to 5.7 million across top 30 cities (Tier I, II and III) in the country. Digital behaviour of consumers: There is a remarkable increase in internet penetration, adoption and consumption across enterprises and consumers in India. 700 Mn internet users across the country, 470 Mn social media users and 350 Mn digital payment users. 80% of digital consumers in India prefer searching and discovering new products online before visiting physical stores or seeking offline. 69% of digital consumers prefer digital communications for customer support and interactions. Convenience, value and trust are key drivers across most internet platforms with Capital allocators preference for real estate supply The sector interest has increased after a funding winter for two straight years. Investments in the sector dropped from USD 148 million in 2021 to USD 21.7 million in 2022 and USD 6 million in 2023. With strong fundamental demand backed by urbanisation, consumer behaviour and digitisation, institutional investors and global funds favour co-living and data centres as an alternative asset class. The understanding of private equity funds is also well defined in international markets where co-living is a mature sector. Recently, Singapore’s CapitaLand Investment announced CLARA II: A $600 Million private equity fund for serviced apartments and co-living properties. Brookfield Asset Management, which has a real estate AUM of USD 690 billion globally is also looking to invest more in the coliving, rental housing and serviced apartment asset class.
PropTech Pulse Editorial
7th March 2024
Digital Transformation
A letter from Albert Einstein in 2024 to young Albert
Dear Young Albert, I hope this letter finds you well, filled with the same curiosity and wonder that has always driven you. As I reflect on the world today, I can't help but think about how much has changed since my time, especially in the realm of communal living which might seem quite intriguing to you. You see, much like the principles of relativity that I delved into in my time, co-living operates on the idea of interconnectedness. Just as I discovered that the laws of physics are the same for all observers, regardless of their relative motion, co-living emphasizes the equality and inclusivity of all residents. Regardless of background or circumstance, everyone contributes to and benefits from the community space. These co-living spaces foster a sense of belonging and support that is invaluable, especially in today's fast-paced world. Just as I contemplated the effects of gravity on the motion of celestial bodies, consider the "community gravity" within a co-living space — the connections and relationships that draw residents together, enriching their lives in ways they never thought possible. Moreover, in these co-living spaces, one finds a beautiful confluence of diversity. Each resident brings their own unique perspective, skills, and passions to the table. Just as I theorized that the curvature of spacetime depends on the distribution of mass and energy, the social "space" within a co-living community is shaped by the collective presence of its members. This diversity creates an environment ripe for collaboration, innovation, and personal growth. Young Albert, Technology has altered Co-living manifold enabling students and young professionals discover, access and live in shared spaces at a touch of their fingertips. We individuals, each with their unique stories, come together to create a community unlike any other. It's not just about sharing physical space; it's about sharing ideas, dreams, and aspirations. So, my dear young Albert, as I continue to explore the wonders of the universe co-living has given me an opportunity to connect with likeminded others, to learn from them, and to grow together. Remember that just as the universe is vast and ever-expanding, so too are the opportunities for meaningful connections and shared experiences in the world around you. With warm regards, Your Future Self
PropTech Pulse Editorial
15th March 2024
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